Licensing FAQ
General
Can I trade in a desktop license for a web license or a mobile app license?
No, licenses are not transferrable from one platform to another.
Which currency are your prices in?
All prices shown on this site are in US dollars.
If I license one style now, do I have to pay for it again if I decide to license the complete family later?
No. If you have one or more licenses for individual styles in a family, the price of this license or licenses will be subtracted if you upgrade to a license for the complete family at a later date. The same is true of collections: if you license individual styles or families within a collection, the price of these licenses will be subtracted from the collection price if you upgrade to the complete collection at a later date. Simply add the complete family or collection to your cart and enter the license number or numbers from your previous order or orders in the first step of the checkout process.
In doing this, you are trading in your previous license, which will no longer be valid, in return for an instant rebate of the price of the previous license. Please keep your receipt, because you will need the license number on it for future license upgrades.
How do the discounts work when licensing related families?
When licensing two or more families within one collection, there is a base discount of $50 for each family after the first, which is then multiplied based on the license terms: the number of workstations for desktop fonts; the number of domains, unique visitors per month, and license length for webfonts; and the number of mobile apps for app licensing. Additionally, significant discounts are given when licensing font on multiple platforms (desktop,web, and app) at the same time. All of these discounts are only available when licensing families simultaneously.
What is a package, as opposed to a family?
A family is a set of related typefaces in multiple styles (often multiple weights), for example the nine weights of Guardian Sans Headline, with their matching italics. A package is a set of related families: multiple widths of the same design, multiple optical sizes of the same design, a related serif and sans, or even all of the above. A collection is a package of all related families, licensed at a discounted price.
I’m a graphic designer working on a corporate identity. Does my client need to license the fonts too, or can we share one license?
Your client needs their own font license. Separate companies, or individuals not employed by a company for whom they are doing work, must each have an appropriate license for the fonts they are using. You may transfer your license to your client provided that you destroy all copies of the fonts in your possession, including backups, and provide a copy of our standard End User License Agreement along with the fonts.
I bought a license for one of your fonts and it doesn’t work. What can I do?
Please contact us at support[at]commercialtype.com and send as much information as you can, including:
- Your order number
- Operating system and version
- The application(s) you’re having trouble with
The more details we have, the easier it will be to help.
What is your refund and exchange policy?
All sales are final, and no refunds will be given in cases other than insurmountable technical difficulties. Please check your cart carefully, as we are not responsible for a customer licensing the wrong font. Exchanges cannot be given. If you have technical problems with the fonts that render them unusable, we will do everything within our power to rectify the situation and provide you with a usable copy. If after 5 business days the issue is still unresolved, we give the option of a full refund. In order to receive this refund, you must destroy all copies of the font or fonts from your order in your possession, including backups.
I have purchased a web or app license. Can you send the desktop fonts for comping?
No. The webfonts may only be used on a web server, and will not work in desktop software including Adobe Photoshop. If you need to make comps, you may use the trial versions at no charge, or purchase a desktop license. The webfonts are licensed per domain, so they may be used by as many developers as you need to code your site.
Which license should I purchase for use in broadcast?
If you are planning to use one of our fonts in video or for broadcast, you will need to purchase a desktop license covering the workstations used in production. No additional fees are necessary.
My company would like to modify some of the terms in your license. Is this possible?
Yes, it's possible to tailor our standard End User License Agreement to fit your specific needs, but this will incur an additional administrative fee on top of the license fee. Please contact us for details.
What if I need to do something with one of your fonts that isn't covered by your standard desktop, web, or mobile app license?
We offer several kinds of licenses that are not immediately available on our website, covering specific uses like embedding in desktop applications or video games; use in ePubs; embedding fonts on a device like a standalone kiosk, a smart watch, or a set-top box; automatically generated documents like monthly bank statements; merchandise for sale; HTM5 banner ads; and distribution to third parties doing work on your behalf.
Please contact us directly to help us tailor a license to your needs.You can reach us at: info@commercialtype.com
I’m going to school for graphic design and would like to use one of your typefaces in a project. Do you offer student discounts?
We do not offer special discounts on full licenses for students because we offer significant family and collection discounts to all users.We do offer several options for students:Students can use our trial fonts in student projects and other academic work. We offer discounts on site licenses for educational institutions. Please contact info[at]commercialtype.com for details.
Many of our fonts are available on Fontstand, where they can be rented by the month for a fraction of the cost of a full perpetual license.
I want to try one of your fonts on a project before buying a license. How can I do this?
Trial versions of the Commercial Type and Commercial Classics libraries are available at no charge. The trial fonts can be accessed on each collection, family, and style page. Please contact us if the family you are interested in doesn’t show a link to request a trial version.
There are some limitations to the trial fonts: they have a limited Latin-only character set, and only private use is allowed. For example, they may be used for your own evaluation, to get approval from a client, or in a student project. A valid email address must be provided for access.
Any public-facing use, including professional (non-academic) work by students, requires the purchase of an appropriate license for desktop, web, or mobile app use.
If you need to test the full fonts, with complete language support and advanced OpenType features, please contact us at info[at]commercialtype.com.
Desktop
Our company has 10 locations with 8 workstations in each. Do we need one license for 80 workstations, or 10 licenses for 8 workstations each?
If your company is a single corporate entity with multiple locations, you may share one license across all locations, provided that it covers the total number of workstations the fonts are used on. Please see our End User License Agreement for more details, including information about centralized font servers.
I’ve licensed a family for 1-3 workstations, and now I need to use the fonts on 19 workstations. Do I need to buy a license for 16 workstations?
Not exactly: if you have a license for a certain number of workstations, the price of this license will be subtracted if you upgrade to a license for a larger number of workstations at a later date. Simply add the license you need to your cart and enter the license number from your previous order in the first step of the checkout process. In doing this, you are trading in your previous license, which will no longer be valid, in return for an instant rebate of the price of the previous license.
Please note that upgrades from individual styles to a complete family or collection and upgrades to a larger number of workstations may be taken simultaneously. Please keep your receipt, because you will need the license number on it for future license upgrades.
Web
Are there any limits on a perpetual license?
So long as you do not exceed the permitted number of domains and total unique monthly visitors, you may use the fonts in perpetuity. The license will not need to be renewed at any time.
I have a site with a .com and a .co.uk address. Does that count as two domains?
Yes. The same address on a different top-level domain (i.e. .com, .org, .ca, .co.uk, etc.) counts as a separate domain for the purposes of our license.
I think I bought the wrong fonts. Can I return them?
Webfonts are built to order, so all license sales are final.
How do you define a domain?
A domain is the most basic portion of a website address. For example, commercialtype.com is a single domain. We allow unlimited subdomains within each domain, so alpha.commercialtype.comand beta.commercialtype.com would be covered under the license for commercialtype.com, but commercialtypewebfonts.com and commercialtype.co.uk would each be separate domains, because either the basic name or the top level domain category is different.
Can I use your fonts on one of the hosted font services?
No. We have found that webfonts are delivered much faster and more reliably when they come directly from your site. We also believe that you should be in control of your website, including all of the assets. Self hosting is the most reliable way to ensure that the fonts load every time.
How do you measure domains and unique monthly visitors?
With our desktop licensing, we trust our customers to tell us if they need to use the fonts on more workstations than they have licensed, and upgrade their license if they need to. We do the same with our webfonts: we trust our customers to upgrade their license if they have more domains or find that they have more unique viewers each month than their license covers. We do not embed code in the fonts to track pageviews, unique visitors, or any other information.
May I use the webfonts I have licensed on a staging server before my site is open to the public? Will I need to purchase a license for additional domains?
Yes, you may use the fonts on a temporary server for as long as you like, so long as it is not open to the general public. The licensed number of domains is for publicly-available web sites. You are free to use the fonts locally or on any number of private development and staging servers used in creating the website.
Why do you differentiate between different numbers of unique monthly visitors? You don’t count newspaper readers or how many people will see a poster when pricing desktop licenses.
The number of unique monthly visitors is our way to differentiate between large and small organizations and price our web licensing accordingly. With traditional print media, the size of the license was determined by the number of computers the organization needed to install the fonts on for production. Measuring by unique visitors per month seemed like the fairest solution for applying the same approach to web licensing, and in our experience with webfont licensing we have found unique visitors to be a less variable metric over time than pageviews.
Do the same family discounts apply with web licensing as with desktop licensing?
Yes, our discounts for complete families, complete collections, and matching roman/italic pairs in a single weight work the same way for all types of licenses. Additionally, we offer a discount on related fonts being licensed for multiple formats at the same time. Please note that this discount cannot be applied retroactively, and the licenses must be purchased simultaneously to receive the discount.
How do you define unique monthly visitors?
A unique monthly visitor is someone who has visited your site in the last month. Each visitor is counted only once, regardless of the number of visits they have made or the number of pages they have viewed. If you have licensed fonts for use on more than one domain, the number of unique monthly visitors you need to be licensed for is the aggregated total of all visitors to all domains. A visitor who viewed more than one of your domains will be counted only once.
After I pay for my initial webfont license, will I have to pay again in the future?
No, our webfont licenses are all perpetual, with a one-time fee for use within the bounds of the license. You are purchasing a license, not a subscription. You will only need to purchase an upgrade for your license if you want to use the fonts on more domains than you have licensed them for, or if your number of unique visitors per month is consistently higher than you are licensed for, you will need to upgrade your license to cover your expanded needs.
Can I use this typeface on my website?
In most cases*, yes you can, with the purchase of a web license. We will deliver the fonts in .woff and .woff2 formats, covering all common browsers and some legacy browsers as well. We will also deliver instructions for setting the files up on your server and sample CSS showing our recommended method for implementing the fonts using the @font-face CSS feature. All of our web licenses are perpetual, meaning you pay once and can use the font for as long as you like without ever having to renew. The license price is based on the number of unique visitors expected each month. The license can be upgraded to accommodate a higher number of visitors at any time, and if the site sees a sudden spike in visitors, you will not have to upgrade the license if the increase turns out to be temporary, based on an average of 4 months’ worth of unique visitors. Please note that use of .otf files with @font-face and the use of any online webfont conversion tools are strictly prohibited by our EULA.
*Please note that some families in our library are still being prepared for use on the web. Please contact us at info[at]commercialtype.com if the family you are interested is not available.
Mobile app
Do the same family discounts apply with app licensing as with desktop licensing?
Yes, our discounts for complete families, complete collections, and matching roman/italic pairs in a single weight work the same way for all types of licenses. Additionally, we offer a discount on related fonts being licensed for multiple formats at the same time. Please note that this discount cannot be applied retroactively, and the licenses must be purchased simultaneously to receive the discount.
Will an app license allow me to embed your fonts in a video game for a console such as the XBox or Wii?
No, you must purchase a separate kind of license for this usage. Please contact us at licensing[at]commercialtype.com for details.
After I pay for my initial app license, will I have to pay again in the future?
No, our mobile app licenses are all perpetual, with a one-time fee for use within the bounds of the license. You will only need to purchase an upgrade for your license if you want to use the fonts in more apps than you have licensed them for. The number of downloads or users is not relevant to the app license.
Will an app license allow me to use your fonts on a server for generating PDFs and other kinds of image and text files?
No, you must purchase a separate kind of license for this usage. Please contact us at licensing[at]commercialtype.com for details.
Will an app license allow me to embed your fonts in desktop software for use in the MacOS or Windows?
No, you must purchase a separate kind of license for this usage. Please contact us at licensing[at]commercialtype.com for details.
I have purchased an app license. Can I have the desktop fonts for comping without paying extra? Can I use them on our website, too?
No. The app licensed fonts may only be used embedded in an app, or in the development process of the app. If you wish to make comps, you must purchase a desktop license. If you wish to use the fonts on the web, you must purchase a web license. The fonts are licensed per app rather than by workstation, so they may be used by as many developers as needed to build your app. Please note that we offer a discount on related fonts being licensed in multiple formats at the same time.
Will an app license allow me to embed your fonts as part of the operating system in a mobile phone, cable box, or other electronic device?
No, you must purchase a separate kind of license for this usage. Please contact us at licensing[at]commercialtype.com for details.
My app will use your fonts in an embedded PDF, not as live text. Do I need an app license?
No, your use is covered by a standard desktop license. Publication apps built with Adobe's DPS are also covered by the standard desktop license.
How do you define a single app?
For the purposes of our license, a mobile app is defined a piece of software built for one or more mobile operating systems, such as Apple’s iOS, Google’s Android, and Microsoft’s Windows Mobile. A single app embedding license may be shared by an app that is equivalent in name and functionality on any number of mobile operating systems.
Can I use this typeface in an app for iPhone, iPad, or Android?
All fonts from our library can be used in mobile apps, either with the purchase of an upgrade to an existing desktop license, or a standalone mobile app embedding license. Please enquire at licensing[at]commercialtype.com for details if your planned usage does not fall within the bounds of web or mobile app use.
Please note that if the fonts are used as static text in image form, like in publications created with Woodwing or Adobe's magazine app creation tools (which actually create large collections of image files), or embedded in a PDF embedded within the app, no license upgrade is needed so long as the workstations used in the creation of the app are covered by an existing license. An app license is only necessary if the actual fonts will be included in the app for rendering text on the fly. If your app will only be used internally and will not be released to the general public, please contact us for a reduced price on the license.
Technical FAQ
This website
What is the privacy policy for commercialtype.com?
The following privacy policy explains how we use personal information collected at this site. Please read this privacy policy before using the site or submitting any personal information. By using the site, you are accepting the practices described in this privacy policy. These practices may be changed, but any changes will be posted and changes will only apply to future activities and information, not on a retroactive basis. You are encouraged to review the privacy policy whenever you visit the site to make sure that you understand how any personal information you provide will be used. (Please note that the privacy practices set forth in this privacy policy are for this web site only. If you link to other web sites, please review the privacy policies posted at those sites.)
• We collect personally identifiable information, like names, postal addresses, email addresses, etc., when voluntarily submitted by our visitors, specifically to purchase a font license; obtain a quote; create, share, and organize Favorites and Typelists; or join our mailing list. The information you provide is only used to fulfill your specific request, unless you give us explicit permission to use it in another manner, for example to add you to one of our mailing lists. Any personally identifiable information kept on file may be provided to you upon request, and may be modified or deleted if you desire. Please be aware that deletion of your personally identifiable information from our order database will render any related font licenses null and void.
• This site uses cookie and tracking technology depending on the features offered. Cookie and tracking technology are useful for gathering information such as browser type and operating system, tracking the number of visitors to the Site, and understanding how visitors use the Site. Cookies can also help customize the Site for visitors. Personal information cannot be collected via cookies and other tracking technology, however, if you previously provided personally identifiable information, cookies may be tied to such information. Aggregate cookie and tracking information is not shared with third parties.
• We do not share personal information except as required by governmental agencies or other companies assisting us in fraud prevention or investigation. We may do so when: (1) permitted or required by law; or, (2) trying to protect against or prevent potential or actual fraud or unauthorized transactions; or, (3) investigating fraud which has already taken place. The information is not provided to these companiesfor marketing purposes.
• Your personally identifiable information is kept secure at all times. This website is PCI-compliant and is regularly tested to maintain compliance. Only authorized employees, agents, and contractors (who have agreed to keep information secure and confidential) have access to this information. All emails and newsletters from this site allow you to opt out of further mailings.
• When placing an order, your credit card information is sent directly to the card processor, and is not held or retained by this site, or visible to employees. If you have any questions, concerns, or comments about our privacy policy you may contact us using the information below:
By e-mail: info[at]commercialtype.com
By phone: 212 604-0955 (10am–6pm EST)
By post: 110 Lafayette Street, Room 203, New York, NY 10013, USA
We reserve the right to make changes to this policy. Any changes to this policy will be posted.
Commercial®, Graphik®, Guardian®, and Marian® are registered trademarks of Schwartzco Inc. dba Commercial Type. Action Condensed™, Atlas™, Algebra™, Austin™, Canela™, Caponi™, Chiswick™, Dala Floda™, Dala Moa™, Dala Prisma™, Darby Sans™, Dignitas™, Druk™, Duplicate™, Gabriello™, Giorgio™, Kommissar™, Le Jeune™, Local Gothic™, Lyon™, Marr Sans™, Platform™, Portrait™, Produkt™, Publico™, Robinson™, Sanomat™, Schnyder™, Stag™, Styrene™, and Tanja™ are trademarks of Schwartzco Inc. dba Commercial Type. Neue Haas Grotesk® is a registered trademark of Monotype Imaging and is used with permission. Antique Olive® is a registered trademark of Marcel Olive. All other trademarks are held by their respective owners. Any trademarks and trade names not mentioned above are the property of their respective owners and no endorsement or derogation is intended or inferred.
Originally posted on 27 August 2015. Last edited on 22 May 2018
How do you keep my credit card information secure when processing an order?
We use certification from Comodo RSA to protect our customers’ information. Your credit card information is sent directly and securely to the company that processes the transaction and is not held on our server at any point or accessible to us.
Desktop
What is your standard character set?
Our standard character set differs from family to family, depending on the OpenType features we deem to be an appropriate fit for each specific family, but at minimum you will be able to typeset most Western and Central European languages that use the Latin alphabet. You can find a full character set listing in each family’s specimen PDF, and list of supported languages, along with pricing, by clicking ‘add to cart’.
Do you recommend using any particular third party font manager?
We do not endorse any third party font manager, and can only guarantee error-free performance if the fonts are directly installed in user/Library/Fonts on the Mac OS or the Fonts folder in Windows.
I can’t use OpenType fonts. Can you send me a legacy format instead?
PostScript and TrueType versions of our fonts are available for both Windows and the Mac OS, but we strongly recommend using the standard OpenType versions instead if it is at all possible. Legacy formats of our fonts offer only basic character sets: alternates, fractions, small caps, different figure styles, and other typographic niceties are exclusively available in the OpenType versions, which also have support for a much wider set of languages. In some cases the legacy formats are not immediately available and there may be additional delays and charges before they can be delivered.
How do I access the OpenType features in your fonts?
Different applications still have wildly differing implementations for OpenType feature controls, so please consult the manual for the individual application or applications you plan to use the fonts in. Where possible, we have made features redundant in order to make them accessible in as many applications as possible. For example, the functionality of the stylistic sets is often duplicated (albeit simplified) in the stylistic alternates feature, to allow users of both Adobe InDesign CS2 and above and Adobe Illustrator CS2 and above to access alternate characters. Please be advised that the most current version of Microsoft Office allows access to just a subset of OpenType features. See Microsoft's documentation for details.
Please see the last few pages of the PDF specimen for details on the features included in each family, or download the standalone OpenType features PDF available on each family page.
I have completed my order and licensed some fonts. How do I install them?
On Mac OS X, please follow the instructions found here:
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201749
Please note that we recommend installing the fonts in the top-level library where they can be accessed by all of a workstation’s users, rather than an individual user’s Fonts folder, as our license applies to the workstation rather than the user. We also recommend installing the fonts directly in the Fonts folder as detailed in this support article, rather than using FontBook.
On Windows Vista, 7, and 8, please follow the instructions found here:
http://www.microsoft.com/typography/TrueTypeInstall.mspx
On Windows NT, 2000, and XP, please follow the instructions found here:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314960
If you use a third party font manager, please follow the developer's instructions.
Web
Can I use these fonts in my email?
Maybe, but probably not. Unfortunately most email systems still actively strip out CSS styling and @font-face, which is how web fonts are implemented.
I think I bought the wrong fonts. Can I return them?
No. Webfonts are built to order, so all license sales are final.
Can I put your webfonts on my CDN?
Yes, you may load any webfonts you’ve licensed from us onto a CDN used for your other assets, so long as they are used only for the number of domains and unique monthly visitors specified in your license.
Why can't I use your fonts on one of the hosted font services?
We have found that webfonts are delivered much faster when they come directly from your site. We also believe that you should be in control of your website, including all of the assets. Self hosting is the most reliable way to ensure that the fonts load every time.
I prefer the alternate forms in the font to the default forms. How can I use these on the web?
Many, but not all, browsers support some OpenType functionality and we have included most of the alternate characters and supporting OpenType features in the web fonts. Until OpenType feature support is more widely supported in the most common web browsers, you can contact us for a custom version of the webfonts that have the character forms you prefer in the default character slots.
How do you measure domains and unique monthly visitors?
We do not track pageviews, unique visitors, or any other information about your usage. Instead, we rely on the honor system, and trust our customers to upgrade their license if they have more domains or find that they have more unique viewers each month than their license covers.
I have purchased a web license and tried to install the fonts on my computer. Why isn’t it working?
All of our webfonts are built for use on the web only, and only work in a web browser.
May I use the webfonts I have licensed on a staging server before my site is open to the public? Will I need to purchase a license for additional domains?
Yes, you may use the fonts on a temporary server for as long as you like, so long as it is not open to the general public.
Why do the fonts look so different in Adobe Photoshop than they do in my browser?
Adobe Photoshop uses a proprietary rasterizing engine to display text on screen that is not used in any operating system. We recommend that you examine the screenshots from various OS and browser combinations before committing to a web font license.
I have purchased a web license from you. Can I make my own webfonts from the OTFs I licensed before, rather than using the web font files you have provided?
No. Our desktop fonts are provided in the OTF-CFF format, with PostScript outlines, Our webfonts, on the other hand, use TrueType outlines, and each style has been painstakingly manually hinted for optimal rendering with both the ClearType and DirectWrite rendering engines in Windows XP and later. Fonts that have been automatically converted from .otf files will not have this hinting data included, and will at best include automatic hinting. We feel that, although auto hinting has improved in the last couple of years, it still does not match the quality of manual hinting.
How do I use the webfonts once have downloaded them?
The fonts come bundled with html and css files that show how to use the @font-face css code used to implement the fonts on your site. We recommend that you keep the fonts in their own folder to keep your site organized. Then you can link from your html file to the bundled css file which contains the @font-face code used to access the fonts, along with simple classes for each font.
Can I use these fonts with Wordpress, Tumblr, or Squarespace?
Yes. Webfonts can be used with any platform where the site admin can modify the CSS file.
Do you embed any identifying information in the webfonts?
All webfonts are stamped internally with the related order number. We can cross-reference the order number to the customer information in our order database, but none of your identifying information is embedded in the fonts. If an outside party is using fonts you have licensed without permission from the licensee or Commercial Type, we can use the order number to demonstrate that their use is unauthorized, but no third party will be able to trace the font license back to you.
How will webfonts affect the loading time of my webpage?
Using webfonts shouldn’t cause any noticeable affect on loading time. Webfonts are very small files and don’t require much bandwidth. Even better: they’re cached by the browser so after downloading the fonts once, they’re available for all other pages on the site.
Using a serif typeface like Publico Headline as an example, the WOFF files (the format delivered to most browsers) are about 65kb each for fonts with full character sets. If you use four styles, that’s only 260kb, which is about the same as a single image, but will be used to render the text on an entire site. A sans family like Graphik is even smaller: less than 50kb per style.
That being said, it’s a good idea to limit the number of fonts you will be using. We had a client a while ago who wanted to use 12 styles on their front page, which caused the page to pause briefly before loading. After cutting back to to 5 styles, the site loaded without any delay. A good rule of thumb: using 6 or fewer fonts will not have any effect on page loading time, and if you’re extremely concerned about bandwidth, limit yourself to 4 or fewer styles.
If you do have issues with page load times, we can help by subsetting the fonts (removing characters your particular page doesn’t need) or through a number of additional technical tricks.
How do I use one of your webfonts on Squarespace?
Using a webfont on Squarespace which you've licensed from us is pretty straightforward, with just one extra step. When you purchase a webfont license from us, we send you the font files used to display the fonts (woff and woff2), along with html and css files showing the @font-face code. The @font-face code looks like this:
@font-face {
font-family: "Graphik Web";
src: url("Graphik-Regular-Web.woff2") format("woff2"),
url("Graphik-Regular-Web.woff") format("woff");
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
font-stretch: normal;
}
When you load the fonts into squarespace, the files are assigned a special url:
ex: http://static.squarespace.com/static/3280c8fj9cotb6154/lotsoflettersandnumbers/Graphik-Regular-Web.woff
You simply need to copy that url into the @font-face urls like this:
@font-face {
font-family: "Graphik Web";
src:url("http://static.squarespace.com/static/
3280c8fj9cotb6154/lotsoflettersandnumbers/
Graphik-Regular-Web.woff2") format("woff2"),
url("http://static.squarespace.com/static/
3280c8fj9cotb6154/lotsoflettersandnumbers/
Graphik-Regular-Web.woff") format("woff");
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
font-stretch: normal;
}
Once you’ve done that, you can style the text in the css editor using the font-family, font-weight and font-style settings.
Mobile app
How do I implement the fonts I’ve licensed in my app?
Handling of embedded third-party fonts has tended to change with each major release of iOS and Android, so please refer to the appropriate developer resources for current best practices.